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-- RMAN catalog 的創(chuàng)建和使用

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一、創(chuàng)建恢復(fù)目錄

??? 創(chuàng)建恢復(fù)目錄一般分為三大步驟

??????? 創(chuàng)建存放恢復(fù)目錄的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) ( 或使用已存在的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) )

??????? 創(chuàng)建恢復(fù)目錄的的所有者

??????? 創(chuàng)建恢復(fù)目錄

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??? 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)可以參考： Oralce 10g 使 用DBCA 創(chuàng) 建 數(shù) 據(jù) 庫(kù)

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??? 在存儲(chǔ)恢復(fù)目錄的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)創(chuàng)建表空間用于存儲(chǔ)恢復(fù)目錄 schema 及恢復(fù)目錄數(shù)據(jù) ( 本文使用已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建好的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) catadb 來(lái)存儲(chǔ)恢復(fù)目錄 )

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??????? SQL > create tablespace tbs_rman datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/tbs_rman01.dbf' -- 創(chuàng)建 rman 恢復(fù)目錄表空間

??????? ? 2 ? size 200m autoextend on ; ??

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??????? SQL > create user rman identified by rman ???? -- 創(chuàng)建 rman schema

??????? 2 ? temporary tablespace temp

??????? 3 ? default tablespace tbs_rman

??????? 4 ? quota unlimited on tbs_rman ;

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??????? SQL > grant recovery_catalog_owner to rman ; ?? -- 角色授予

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??????? SQL > conn rman / rman

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??????? SQL > select * from session_privs ;

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??????? PRIVILEGE

??????? ----------------------------------------

??????? CREATE SESSION

??????? ALTER SESSION

??????? CREATE TABLE

??????? CREATE CLUSTER

??????? CREATE SYNONYM

??????? CREATE VIEW

??????? CREATE SEQUENCE

??????? CREATE DATABASE LINK

??????? CREATE PROCEDURE

??????? CREATE TRIGGER

??????? CREATE TYPE

??????? SQL > select * from session_roles ;

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??????? ROLE

??????? ------------------------------

??????? RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER ?

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??????? RMAN > connect catalog rman / rman@catadb ??? -- 連接到恢復(fù)目錄

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??????? connected to recovery catalog database

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??????? RMAN > create catalog tablespace tbs_rman ; ?? -- 創(chuàng)建恢復(fù)目錄

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??????? recovery catalog created

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??????? [oracle@oradb ~]$ rman target sys / redhat@orcl catalog rman / rman@catadb ?? -- 連接到目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)及恢復(fù)目錄

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??????? connected to target database : ORCL ( DBID = 1260850162 )

??????? connected to recovery catalog database

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??????? RMAN > register database ; ????????? -- 將目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)注冊(cè)到恢復(fù)目錄

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??????? database registered in recovery catalog

??????? starting full resync of recovery catalog

??????? full resync complete

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二、基于恢復(fù)目錄的備份 ?????

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??? 1. 查看相關(guān)信息

??????? RMAN > list incarnation ;

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??????? List of Database Incarnations

??????? DB Key ? Inc Key DB Name ? DB ID ??????????? STATUS ? Reset SCN ? Reset Time

??????? ------- ------- -------- ---------------- --- ---------- ----------

??????? 1 ?????? 8 ?????? ORCL ???? 1260850162 ?????? PARENT ? 1 ????????? 30 - JUN - 05

??????? 1 ?????? 2 ?????? ORCL ???? 1260850162 ?????? CURRENT 446075 ???? 22 - OCT - 10

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??? ??? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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??????? RMAN > crosscheck copy ; ???????? -- 校驗(yàn) copy

??????? RMAN > delete expired copy ; ???? -- 刪除過(guò)期的 copy

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??? 2. 全備

??????? RMAN > run{

??????? 2 > allocate channel ch1 device type disk ;

??????? 3 > ? backup as compressed backupset

??????? 4 > database plus archivelog delete input

??????? 5 > format = '/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/Whole_%d_%U'

??????? 6 > ? tag = 'Whole_bak' ;

??????? 7 > release channel ch1 ;}

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??? 3. 增量備份 ( 0 級(jí) )

??????? RMAN > run{

??????? 2 > allocate channel ch1 device type disk ;

??????? 3 > allocate channel ch2 device type disk ;

??????? 4 > backup as compressed backupset

??????? 5 > incremental level 0

??????? 6 > database plus archivelog delete input

??????? 7 > format = '/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/Inc_0_%d_%U'

??????? 8 > tag = 'Inc_0' ;

??????? 9 > release channel ch1 ;

??????? 10 > release channel ch2 ;} ??

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??????? RMAN > list backup summary ;

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??? 4. 增量備份 ( 1 級(jí) )

??????? RMAN > run{ ?????????????????????????????????

??????? 2 > allocate channel ch1 device type disk ;

??????? 3 > allocate channel ch2 device type disk ;

??????? 4 > backup as compressed backupset

??????? 5 > incremental level 1 database

??????? 6 > format = '/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/Inc_1_%d_%U'

??????? 7 > tag = 'Inc_1' ;

??????? 8 > release channel ch1 ;

??????? 9 > release channel ch2 ;}

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??????? RMAN > list backup by file ;

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??? 5. 累計(jì)增量備份 ( 1 級(jí) )

??????? RMAN > run{

??????? 2 > allocate channel ch1 device type disk ;

??????? 3 > backup as compressed backupset

??????? 4 > incremental level 1 cumulative database

??????? 5 > format '/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/Cum_1_%d_%U'

??????? 6 > tag = 'Cum_1' ;

??????? 7 > release channel ch1 ;}

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??? 6. 備份表空間

??????? RMAN > run{

??????? 2 > allocate channel ch1 device type disk ;

??????? 3 > backup as compressed backupset

??????? 4 > tablespace users , example

??????? 5 > format = '/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/tbs_%d_%U'

??????? 6 > tag = 'tbs' ;

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??????? RMAN > list backupset tag = tbs ;

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??? 7. 備份數(shù)據(jù)文件

??????? RMAN > run{

??????? 2 > allocate channel ch1 device type disk ;

??????? 3 > backup as compressed backupset

??????? 4 > datafile 3

??????? 5 > format = '/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/df_%d_%U'

??????? 6 > tag = 'df' ;

??????? 7 > release channel ch1 ;}

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??? 8. 備份歸檔日志

??????? 備份歸檔日志前，建議先使用 crosscheck 校驗(yàn)一下

??????? crosscheck 通常用于檢查備份是否被刪除，如果刪除將會(huì)打上刪除標(biāo)簽

??????? RMAN > crosscheck archivelog all;

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??????? allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

??????? channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=148 devtype=DISK

??????? validation succeeded for archived log

??????? archive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/arch/log_1_117_733069427.arc recid=111 stamp=733171369

??????? Crosschecked 1 objects

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??????? RMAN > sql 'alter system switch logfile' ;

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??????? sql statement : alter system switch logfile

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??????? RMAN > sql 'alter system switch logfile' ;

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??????? sql statement : alter system switch logfile

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??????? RMAN > list archivelog all;

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??????? List of Archived Log Copies

??????? Key ???? Thrd Seq ???? S Low Time ? Name

??????? ------- ---- ------- - --------- ----

??????? 465 ???? 1 ??? 117 ???? A 22 - OCT - 10 / u01 / app / oracle / oradata / orcl / arch / log_1_117_733069427 . arc

??????? 553 ???? 1 ??? 118 ???? A 23 - OCT - 10 / u01 / app / oracle / oradata / orcl / arch / log_1_118_733069427 . arc

??????? 569 ???? 1 ??? 119 ???? A 23 - OCT - 10 / u01 / app / oracle / oradata / orcl / arch / log_1_119_733069427 . arc

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

??? 9. 基于 SCN 來(lái)備份歸檔日志

??????? RMAN > run{

??????? 2 > allocate channel ch1 device type disk ;

??????? 3 > backup as compressed backupset

??????? 4 > archivelog from scn 848043

??????? 5 > format = '/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/arc_%d_%U'

??????? 6 > tag = 'arc' ;

??????? 7 > release channel ch1 ;

??????? 8 > }

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??? 10. 鏡像備份

??????? RMAN > run{

??????? 2 > allocate channel ch1 device type disk ;

??????? 3 > backup as copy datafile 1 , 4

??????? 4 > format '/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/df_%d_%U'

??????? 5 > tag 'copybak' ;

??????? 6 > release channel ch1 ;}

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??? 11. 其它

??????? RMAN > crosscheck backupset ;

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??????? RMAN > change backupset 1

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??????? RMAN > validate backupset

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??????? RMAN > validate backupset 635 ;

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??? 12. 基于 catalog 的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)恢復(fù)請(qǐng)參考：基于 catalog 的 RMAN 備份與恢復(fù)

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三、更多參考

有關(guān)基于用戶管理的備份和備份恢復(fù)的概念請(qǐng)參考：

??????? Oracle 冷備份

??????? Oracle 熱備份

??????? Oracle 備份恢復(fù)概念

??????? Oracle 實(shí)例恢復(fù)

??????? Oracle 基于用戶管理恢復(fù)的處理 ( 詳細(xì)描述了介質(zhì)恢復(fù)及其處理 )

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??? 有關(guān) RMAN 的恢復(fù)與管理請(qǐng)參考：

??????? RMAN 概述及其體系結(jié)構(gòu)

??????? RMAN 配置、監(jiān)控與管理

??????? RMAN 備份詳解

??????? RMAN 還原與恢復(fù)

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??? 有關(guān) Oracle 體系結(jié)構(gòu)請(qǐng)參考：

??????? Oracle 實(shí)例和Oracle 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(Oracle 體系結(jié)構(gòu))

??????? Oracle 表空間與數(shù)據(jù)文件

??????? Oracle 密碼文件

??????? Oracle 參數(shù)文件

Oracle 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)例啟動(dòng)關(guān)閉過(guò)程

??????? Oracle 聯(lián)機(jī)重做日志文件(ONLINE LOG FILE)

??????? Oracle 控制文件(CONTROLFILE)

??????? Oracle 歸檔日志

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RMAN catalog 的創(chuàng)建和使用