?
什么是pyQuery：
強(qiáng)大又靈活的網(wǎng)頁解析庫。如果你覺得正則寫起來太麻煩（我不會寫正則），如果你覺得 BeautifulSoup的語法太難記，如果你熟悉JQuery的語法，那么PyQuery就是你最佳的選擇。
pyQuery的安裝pip3 install pyquery即可安裝啦。
pyQuery的基本用法：
初始化：
字符串初始化：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
<p class="title" name="dromouse">
<b>
The Dormouse's story
</b>
</p>
<p class="story">
Once upon a time there were three little sisters;and thier names were
<a class="sister" id="link1">
<!-- Elsie --> </a>
<a class="sister" id="link2">
Lacie
</a>
and
<a class="sister" id="link3">
Title
</a>
; and they lived at the boottom of a well.
</p>
<p class="story">
...
</p>
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
print
(doc(
'
a
'
))
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
URL初始化：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
URL初始化
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
= pq(
'
http://www.baidu.com
'
)
print
(doc(
'
input
'
))
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
文件初始化：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
文件初始化
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
= pq(filename=
'
baidu.html
'
)
print
(doc(
'
title
'
))
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
?選擇方式和jquery一致，id、name、class都是如此，還有很多都和jquery一致。
基本CSS選擇器：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
Css選擇器
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
<p class="title" name="dromouse">
<b>
The Dormouse's story
</b>
</p>
<p class="story">
Once upon a time there were three little sisters;and thier names were
<a class="sister" id="link1">
<!-- Elsie --> </a>
<a class="sister" id="link2">
Lacie
</a>
and
<a class="title" id="link3">
Title
</a>
; and they lived at the boottom of a well.
</p>
<p class="story">
...
</p>
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
print
(doc(
'
.title
'
))
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
查找元素：
子元素：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
子元素
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
<p class="title" name="dromouse">
<b>
The Dormouse's story
</b>
</p>
<p class="story">
Once upon a time there were three little sisters;and thier names were
<a class="sister" id="link1">
<!-- Elsie --> </a>
<a class="sister" id="link2">
Lacie
</a>
and
<a class="title" id="link3">
Title
</a>
; and they lived at the boottom of a well.
</p>
<p class="story">
...
</p>
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
items
= doc(
'
.title
'
)
print
(type(items))
print
(items)
p
= items.find(
'
b
'
)
print
(type(p))
print
(p)
該代碼為查找id為title的標(biāo)簽，我們可以看到id為title的標(biāo)簽有兩個一個是p標(biāo)簽，一個是a標(biāo)簽，然后我們再使用find方法，查找出我們需要的p標(biāo)簽，運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
這里需要注意的是，我們所使用的find是查找每一個元素內(nèi)部的標(biāo)簽.
children：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
子元素
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
<p class="title" name="dromouse">
<b>
The Dormouse's story
</b>
</p>
<p class="story">
Once upon a time there were three little sisters;and thier names were
<a class="sister" id="link1">
<!-- Elsie --> </a>
<a class="sister" id="link2">
Lacie
</a>
and
<a class="title" id="link3">
Title
</a>
; and they lived at the boottom of a well.
</p>
<p class="story">
...
</p>
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
items
= doc(
'
.title
'
)
print
(items.children())
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
也可以在children()內(nèi)添加選擇器條件：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
子元素
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
<p class="title" name="dromouse">
<b>
The Dormouse's story
</b>
</p>
<p class="story">
Once upon a time there were three little sisters;and thier names were
<a class="sister" id="link1">
<!-- Elsie --> </a>
<a class="sister" id="link2">
Lacie
</a>
and
<a class="title" id="link3">
Title
</a>
; and they lived at the boottom of a well.
</p>
<p class="story">
...
</p>
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
items
= doc(
'
.title
'
)
print
(items.children(
'
b
'
))
輸出結(jié)果和上面的一致。
?父元素：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
子元素
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
<p class="title" name="dromouse">
<b>
The Dormouse's story
</b>
</p>
<p class="story">
Once upon a time there were three little sisters;and thier names were
<a class="sister" id="link1">
<!-- Elsie --> </a>
<a class="sister" id="link2">
Lacie
</a>
and
<a class="title" id="link3">
Title
</a>
; and they lived at the boottom of a well.
</p>
<p class="story">
...
</p>
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
items
= doc(
'
#link1
'
)
print
(items)
print
(items.parent())
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
這里只輸出一個父元素。這里我們用parents方法會給予我們返回所有父元素，祖先元素
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
祖先元素
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
Once upo a time were three little sister;and theru name were
Elsie
Lacie
and
Title
Title
...
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
items
= doc(
'
#link1
'
)
print
(items)
print
(items.parents(
'
body
'
))
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
兄弟元素：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
兄弟元素
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
Once upo a time were three little sister;and theru name were
Elsie
Lacie
and
Title
Title
...
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
items
= doc(
'
#link1
'
)
print
(items)
print
(items.siblings(
'
#link2
'
))
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
上面就把查找元素的方法都說了，下面我來看一下如何遍歷元素。
遍歷
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
兄弟元素
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
Once upo a time were three little sister;and theru name were
Elsie
Lacie
and
Title
Title
...
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
items
= doc(
'
a
'
)
for
k,v
in
enumerate(items.items()):
print
(k,v)
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
?獲取信息：
獲取屬性：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
獲取屬性
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
Once upo a time were three little sister;and theru name were
Elsie
Lacie
and
Title
Title
...
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
items
= doc(
'
a
'
)
print
(items)
print
(items.attr(
'
href
'
))
print
(items.attr.href)
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
獲得文本：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
獲取屬性
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
Once upo a time were three little sister;and theru name were
Elsie
Lacie
and
Title
Title
...
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
items
= doc(
'
a
'
)
print
(items)
print
(items.text())
print
(type(items.text()))
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
獲得HTML：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
獲取屬性
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
Once upo a time were three little sister;and theru name were
Elsie
Lacie
and
Title
Title
...
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
items
= doc(
'
a
'
)
print
(items.html())
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
DOM操作：
addClass、removeClass
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
DOM操作，addClass、removeClass
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
Once upo a time were three little sister;and theru name were
Elsie
Lacie
and
Title
Title
...
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
items
= doc(
'
#link2
'
)
print
(items)
items.addClass(
'
addStyle
'
)
#
add_class
print
(items)
items.remove_class(
'
sister
'
)
#
removeClass
print
(items)
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
attr、css：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
DOM操作，attr,css
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
Once upo a time were three little sister;and theru name were
Elsie
Lacie
and
Title
Title
...
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
items
= doc(
'
#link2
'
)
items.attr(
'
name
'
,
'
addname
'
)
print
(items)
items.css(
'
width
'
,
'
100px
'
)
print
(items)
可以給予新的屬性，如果原來有該屬性，會覆蓋掉原有的屬性
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
remove：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
DOM操作，remove
html
=
"""
Hello World
This is a paragraph.
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
wrap
= doc(
'
.wrap
'
)
print
(wrap.text())
wrap.find(
'
p
'
).remove()
print
(
"
remove以后的數(shù)據(jù)
"
)
print
(wrap)
運(yùn)行結(jié)果：
還有很多其他的DOM方法，想了解更多的小伙伴可以閱讀其官方文檔，地址：https://pyquery.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html
偽類選擇器：
#
!/usr/bin/env python
#
-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
DOM操作，偽類選擇器
html
=
"""
The Dormouse's story
Once upo a time were three little sister;and theru name were
Elsie
Lacie
and
Title
Title
...
"""
from
pyquery
import
PyQuery as pq
doc
=
pq(html)
#
print(doc)
wrap = doc(
'
a:first-child
'
)
#
第一個標(biāo)簽
print
(wrap)
wrap
= doc(
'
a:last-child
'
)
#
最后一個標(biāo)簽
print
(wrap)
wrap
= doc(
'
a:nth-child(2)
'
)
#
第二個標(biāo)簽
print
(wrap)
wrap
= doc(
'
a:gt(2)
'
)
#
比2大的索引 標(biāo)簽 即為 0 1 2 3 4 從0開始的 不是1
print
(wrap)
wrap
= doc(
'
a:nth-child(2n)
'
)
#
第 2的整數(shù)倍 個標(biāo)簽
print
(wrap)
wrap
= doc(
'
a:contains(Lacie)
'
)
#
包含Lacie文本的標(biāo)簽
print
(wrap)
這里不在詳細(xì)的一一列舉了，了解更多CSS選擇器可以查看官方文檔，由W3C提供地址：http://www.w3school.com.cn/css/index.asp
到這里我們就把pyQuery的使用方法大致的說完了，想了解更多，更詳細(xì)的可以閱讀官方文檔，地址：https://pyquery.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
上述代碼地址：https://gitee.com/dwyui/pyQuery.git
感謝大家的閱讀，不正確的地方，還希望大家來斧正，鞠躬，謝謝。
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