本文實例講述了python執行shell獲取硬件參數寫入mysql的方法。分享給大家供大家參考。具體分析如下：
最近要獲取服務器各種參數，包括cpu、內存、磁盤、型號等信息。試用了Hyperic HQ、Nagios和Snmp，它們功能都挺強大的，但是于需求不是太符，亦或者太heavy。
于是乎想到用python執行shell獲取這些信息，python執行shell腳本有以下三種方法：
1. os.system()
#返回結果0或者1，不能得到命令的輸出
2. os.popen()
print output.read()
#打印出的是命令輸出，但是得不到執行的返回值
3. commands.getstatusoutput()
print status, output
#打印出返回值和命令輸出
可以根據需要選取其中一種方法，以下是python執行shell獲取硬件參數寫入mysql，并定期更新的程序：
'''
Created on Dec 10, 2014
@author: liufei
'''
#coding=utf-8
import time, sched, os, string
from datetime import datetime
import MySQLdb
?
s = sched.scheduler(time.time,time.sleep)
def event_func():
??? try:
??????? #主機名
??????? name = os.popen(""" hostname """).read()
??????? #cpu數目
??????? cpu_num = os.popen(""" cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep processor | wc -l """).read()
??????? #內存大小
??????? mem = os.popen(""" free | grep Mem | awk '{print $2}' """).read()
??????? #機器品牌
??????? brand = os.popen(""" dmidecode | grep 'Vendor' | head -1 | awk -F: '{print $2}' """).read()
??????? #型號
??????? model = os.popen(""" dmidecode | grep 'Product Name' | head -1 | awk -F: '{print $2}' """).read()
??????? #磁盤大小
??????? storage = os.popen(""" fdisk -l | grep 'Disk /dev/sd' | awk 'BEGIN{sum=0}{sum=sum+$3}END{print sum}' """).read()
??????? #mac地址
??????? mac = os.popen(""" ifconfig -a | grep HWaddr | head -1 | awk '{print $5}' """).read()
???????
??????? name = name.replace("\n","").lstrip()
??????? cpu_num =? cpu_num.replace("\n","").lstrip()
??????? memory_gb = round(string.atof(mem.replace("\n","").lstrip())/1000.0/1000.0, 1)
??????? brand = brand.replace("\n","").lstrip()
??????? model = model.replace("\n","").lstrip()
??????? storage_gb = storage.replace("\n","").lstrip()
??????? mac = mac.replace("\n","").lstrip()
???????
??????? print name
??????? print cpu_num
??????? print memory_gb
??????? print storage_gb
??????? print brand
??????? print model
??????? print mac
???
??????? conn=MySQLdb.connect(host='xx.xx.xx.xx',user='USERNAME',passwd='PASSWORD',db='DBNAME',port=3306)
??????? cur=conn.cursor()
??????? cur.execute('select mac from servers where mac=%s',mac)
??????? data = cur.fetchone()
??????? if data is None:
??????????? value = [name, brand, model, memory_gb, storage_gb, cpu_num, mac, datetime.now(), datetime.now()]
??????????? cur.execute("insert into servers(name, brand, model, memory_gb, storage_gb, cpu_num, mac,? created_at, updated_at) values(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)",value)???????????
??????? else:
??????????? value1 = [name, brand, model, memory_gb, storage_gb, cpu_num, datetime.now(), mac]
??????????? cur.execute("update servers set name=%s,brand=%s,model=%s,memory_gb=%s,storage_gb=%s,cpu_num=%s, updated_at=%s where mac=%s",value1)
??????????
??????? conn.commit()
??????? cur.close()
??????? conn.close()
???????
??? except MySQLdb.Error,e:
??????? print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
???
def perform(inc):
??? s.enter(inc,0,perform,(inc,))
??? event_func()
???
def mymain(inc=10):
??? s.enter(0,0,perform,(inc,))
??? s.run()
?
if __name__ == "__main__":
??? mymain()
希望本文所述對大家的Python程序設計有所幫助。
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