Java線程：并發協作-死鎖

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線程發生死鎖可能性很小，即使看似可能發生死鎖的代碼，在運行時發生死鎖的可能性也是小之又小。

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發生死鎖的原因一般是兩個對象的鎖相互等待造成的。

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在《Java線程：線程的同步與鎖》一文中，簡述死鎖的概念與簡單例子，但是所給的例子是不完整的，這里給出一個完整的例子。

      /** 
* Java線程：并發協作-死鎖 
* 
* @author Administrator 2009-11-4 22:06:13 
*/ 
public class Test { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
                DeadlockRisk dead = new DeadlockRisk(); 
                MyThread t1 = new MyThread(dead, 1, 2); 
                MyThread t2 = new MyThread(dead, 3, 4); 
                MyThread t3 = new MyThread(dead, 5, 6); 
                MyThread t4 = new MyThread(dead, 7, 8); 

                t1.start(); 
                t2.start(); 
                t3.start(); 
                t4.start(); 
        } 

} 

class MyThread extends Thread { 
        private DeadlockRisk dead; 
        private int a, b; 


        MyThread(DeadlockRisk dead, int a, int b) { 
                this.dead = dead; 
                this.a = a; 
                this.b = b; 
        } 

        @Override 
        public void run() { 
                dead.read(); 
                dead.write(a, b); 
        } 
} 

class DeadlockRisk { 
        private static class Resource { 
                public int value; 
        } 

        private Resource resourceA = new Resource(); 
        private Resource resourceB = new Resource(); 

        public int read() { 
                synchronized (resourceA) { 
                        System.out.println("read():" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "獲取了resourceA的鎖！"); 
                        synchronized (resourceB) { 
                                System.out.println("read():" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "獲取了resourceB的鎖！"); 
                                return resourceB.value + resourceA.value; 
                        } 
                } 
        } 

        public void write(int a, int b) { 
                synchronized (resourceB) { 
                        System.out.println("write():" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "獲取了resourceA的鎖！"); 
                        synchronized (resourceA) { 
                                System.out.println("write():" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "獲取了resourceB的鎖！"); 
                                resourceA.value = a; 
                                resourceB.value = b; 
                        } 
                } 
        } 
}
    

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