最近在看《Real Time 3D Terrain Engines Using C++And DirectX 9》，不過(guò)是看網(wǎng)上翻譯的版本叫《實(shí)時(shí)地形引擎》 ， 看英文實(shí)在蛋疼，還好有翻譯版的，要多多感謝承天一大哥！這本書講解了地形制作的一些技術(shù)，更吸引人的是實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)小型的渲染引擎，對(duì)于我這樣的游戲引擎初學(xué)者很適合。gaia正是書中構(gòu)建的引擎的名字。這里來(lái)寫寫一些簡(jiǎn)單的分析，作為學(xué)習(xí)筆記。
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（一） 資源管理
1、? data_pool.h
cPoolGroup : 模板類，池組，顧名思義，就是裝載一組數(shù)據(jù)的對(duì)象
?
template <
class
T>
class
cPoolGroup
{
public
:
cPoolGroup(uint16 maxCount);
~cPoolGroup(){};
void
create();
void
destroy();
uint16 addMember(
const
T& member);
uint16 nextMember();
void
release(uint16 index);
uint16 totalOpen()
const
;
uint16 totalUsed()
const
;
uint16 firstOpen()
const
;
bool
isOpen(uint16 index)
const
;
T& member(uint16 index);
const
T& member(uint16 index)
const
;
T* memberPtr(uint16 index);
const
T* memberPtr(uint16 index)
const
;
private
:
uint16 m_totalOpen;
uint16 m_firstOpen;
uint16 m_maxCount;
uint16* m_nextOpenList;
T* m_memberList;
//
數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象鏈表
};
?
?
?
?
cDataPoolInterface ：數(shù)據(jù)池接口，抽象類
class
cDataPoolInterface
{
public
:
typedef
void
(*MEMBER_CALLBACK)(cDataPoolInterface* pPool, cPoolHandle handle,
void
* member);
cDataPoolInterface():m_initialized(
false
){};
virtual
~cDataPoolInterface(){};
virtual
void
initialize(uint16 growSize)=
0
;;
virtual
void
destroy()=
0
;;
virtual
void
clear()=
0
;
virtual
cPoolHandle nextHandle()=
0
;
virtual
void
release(cPoolHandle* pHandle)=
0
;
virtual
void
forEach(MEMBER_CALLBACK function)=
0
;
virtual
void
* getGenericPtr(cPoolHandle index)=
0
;
bool
isInitialized()
const
{
return
m_initialized;}
protected
:
bool
m_initialized;
};
?
?
cDataPool
：模板類，繼承自
cDataPoolInterface
，數(shù)據(jù)池，它包括了若干個(gè)
cPoolGroup
?
template <
class
T>
class
cDataPool :
public
cDataPoolInterface
{
public
:
//
Data Types & Constants...
typedef T DATA_TYPE;
typedef cPoolGroup<T> MemberGroup;
typedef std::list<MemberGroup*> MemberGroupList;
typedef cDataPoolInterface::MEMBER_CALLBACK MEMBER_CALLBACK;
//
Creators...
cDataPool();
~cDataPool();
void
initialize(uint16 growSize);
void
destroy();
const
T&
operator
[](cPoolHandle handle)
const
{
return
get
(handle);}
T&
operator
[](cPoolHandle handle) {
return
get
(handle);}
//
Mutators...
cPoolHandle add(
const
T& member);
void
clear();
cPoolHandle nextHandle();
void
release(cPoolHandle* pHandle);
void
forEach(MEMBER_CALLBACK function);
//
Accessors...
bool
isHandleValid(cPoolHandle index)
const
;
const
T&
get
(cPoolHandle index)
const
;
T* getPtr(cPoolHandle index);
void
* getGenericPtr(cPoolHandle index);
uint16 totalMembers()
const
{
return
m_totalMembers;}
uint16 totalOpen()
const
{
return
m_totalOpen;}
uint16 totalUsed()
const
{
return
m_totalMembers-m_totalOpen;}
private
:
//
Private Data...
MemberGroupList m_groupList;
//
cPoolGroup鏈表
uint16 m_totalMembers;
uint16 m_totalOpen;
uint16 m_groupCount;
uint32 m_indexMask;
int
m_indexShift;
//
Private Functions...
explicit
cDataPool(
const
cDataPool& Src);
cDataPool&
operator
=(
const
cDataPool& Src);
cPoolGroup<T>* addGroup();
cPoolGroup<T>* findOpenGroup(unsigned* groupNumber);
cPoolGroup<T>* getGroup(unsigned index);
const
cPoolGroup<T>* getGroup(unsigned index)
const
;
int
getGroupNumber(cPoolHandle handle)
const
;
int
getItemIndex(cPoolHandle handle)
const
;
cPoolHandle buildHandle(
int
group,
int
index)
const
;
};
?
?
2、? resource_pool.h
?
?
cResourcePoolInterface ：資源池接口，抽象類
class
cResourcePoolInterface
{
public
:
union FILE_EXTENSION
{
char
ext[
4
];
uint32 fourcc;
};
typedef std::map<cString, cPoolHandle> NAME_LOOKUP_MAP;
cResourcePoolInterface();
virtual
~cResourcePoolInterface(){};
//
these functions must be proviided in the derived class (cResourceType)
virtual
void
initialize(uint16 growSize)=
0
;
virtual
void
destroy()=
0
;
virtual
bool
isInitialized()
const
=
0
;
virtual
void
destroyAll()=
0
;
virtual
void
disableAll()=
0
;
virtual
void
restoreAll()=
0
;
virtual
void
clean()=
0
;
cResourcePoolItem* createResource(
const
cString& resourceName);
cResourcePoolItem* loadResource(
const
cString& filename);
cResourcePoolItem* getResource(cPoolHandle handle);
cResourcePoolItem* findResource(
const
cString& Name);
void
destroyResource(cResourcePoolItem* pResource);
bool
saveResource(cResourcePoolItem* pResource);
cPoolHandle findResourceHandle(
const
cString& Name);
const
cString* findResourceName(cPoolHandle handle)
const
;
void
setResourceName(cPoolHandle handle,
const
tchar* name);
void
registerResourcePool(cResourceCode code);
void
unregisterResourcePool();
cResourceCode registrationCode()
const
;
protected
:
cResourceCode m_registrationCode;
NAME_LOOKUP_MAP m_nameMap;
private
:
//
Private Functions...
virtual
cPoolHandle internalCreateResource(
const
cString& resourceName)=
0
;
virtual
void
internalDestroyResource(cPoolHandle handle)=
0
;
virtual
cResourcePoolItem* internalGetResource(cPoolHandle handle)=
0
;
};
?
cResourcePool：模板類，資源池，繼承自cResourcePoolInterface，成員中有一個(gè)DataPool可以看做是DataPool的擴(kuò)充。
?
template <
class
T>
class
cResourcePool :
public
cResourcePoolInterface
{
public
:
typedef T DataType;
typedef cDataPool<T> DataPool;
//
Creators...
cResourcePool(){};
~cResourcePool(){};
//
Base Class Overrides...
void
initialize(uint16 growSize);
void
destroy();
bool
isInitialized()
const
;
void
destroyAll();
void
disableAll();
void
restoreAll();
void
clean();
//
delete items no longer referenced
DataType* createResource(
const
cString& resourceName);
DataType* loadResource(
const
cString& filename);
DataType* getResource(cPoolHandle handle);
DataType* findResource(
const
cString& Name);
//
static data pool callbacks
static
void
callbackDestroy(cDataPoolInterface* pPool, cPoolHandle handle,
void
* resource);
static
void
callbackRestore(cDataPoolInterface* pPool, cPoolHandle handle,
void
* resource);
static
void
callbackDisable(cDataPoolInterface* pPool, cPoolHandle handle,
void
* resource);
static
void
callbackClean(cDataPoolInterface* pPool, cPoolHandle handle,
void
* resource);
private
:
//
Data...
DataPool m_dataPool;
//
Private Functions...
cPoolHandle internalCreateResource(
const
cString& resourceName);
void
internalDestroyResource(cPoolHandle handle);
cResourcePoolItem* internalGetResource(cPoolHandle handle);
//
Nonexistant Functions...
cResourcePool(
const
cResourcePool& Src);
cResourcePool&
operator
=(
const
cResourcePool& Src);
};
?
?
cResourcePoolItem ：資源池對(duì)象繼承自 cReferenceCounter
?
關(guān)于 cReferenceCounter 上一段英文：
?
/*??? cResourcePoolItem
?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
?
??????
?
?????? A cResourcePoolItem is a simple base class for a shared resource such as a texture,
?
?????? animation or vertex buffer.
?
?
?
?????? Note that cResourcePoolItem is derived from cReferenceCounter. The cResourcePoolManager uses
?
?????? the value of the cReferenceCounter to decide when objects are no longer in use and can
?
?????? be destroyed during the cResourcePoolManager::clean() function. This means the application
?
?????? must update the reference count of the cResourcePoolItem whenever links between objects
?
?????? are created or removed between objects. The cReferenceCounter base class provides the
?
?????? functionality to manipulate the reference count.
?
??????
?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
?
*/
?
class
cResourcePoolItem :
public
cReferenceCounter
{
public
:
//
Data Types & Constants...
enum
{
nCreated=
0
,
//
the resource has been created
nLoaded,
//
the resource is filled with data and ready for use
nDisabled,
//
the resource is currently disabled for use
nAltered,
//
the resource has been altered since loaded
nTotalResourceFlags
};
//
Creators...
cResourcePoolItem();
virtual
~cResourcePoolItem();
//
User Functions
//
These function prototypes are to be used by resources that use volatile or system-specific resources.
//
Examples would be video-memory resident textures or hardware vertex buffers.
virtual
bool
createResource()=
0
;
//
innitialize the resource (called once)
virtual
bool
destroyResource()=
0
;
//
destroy the resource
virtual
bool
disableResource()=
0
;
//
purge the resource from volatile memory
virtual
bool
restoreResource()=
0
;
//
restore the resource to volatile memory
virtual
bool
loadResource(
const
tchar* filename=
0
)=
0
;
//
load the resource from a file (or NULL to use the resource name)
virtual
bool
saveResource(
const
tchar* filename=
0
)=
0
;
//
save the resource to a file (or NULL to use the resource name)
//
Accessors...
cResourceCode resourceCode()
const
;
cResourcePoolInterface* resourcePool()
const
;
cPoolHandle resourceHandle()
const
;
u32Flags resourceFlags()
const
;
bool
isResourceCreated()
const
;
bool
isResourceDisabled()
const
;
bool
isResourceLoaded()
const
;
const
cString* findResourceName()
const
;
void
setResourceName(
const
tchar* name);
void
setAlteredFlag(
bool
onOff);
bool
alteredFlag()
const
;
//
mimic COM interfaces
virtual
int32 Release();
protected
:
//
only derrived classes are permitted to modify internal members
void
setResourceCode(cResourceCode code);
void
setResourcePool(cResourcePoolInterface* interfaePtr);
void
setResourceHandle(cPoolHandle handle);
void
setResourceFlag(
int
flagBit,
bool
Setting);
void
notifyCreated();
void
notifyDisabled();
void
notifyLoaded();
void
notifyUnloaded();
void
notifyRestored();
void
notifyDestroyed();
void
notifySaved();
private
:
//
Data...
cResourceCode m_resourceCode;
cResourcePoolInterface* m_resourcePool;
cPoolHandle m_resourceHandle;
u32Flags m_resourceFlags;
//
Private Functions...
//
Nonexistant Functions...
cResourcePoolItem(
const
cResourcePoolItem& Src);
cResourcePoolItem&
operator
=(
const
cResourcePoolItem& Src);
friend cResourcePoolInterface;
};
?
cReferenceCounter：。。（我沒(méi)太理解它的作用，望大蝦指點(diǎn)。。）
?
/*??? cReferenceCounter
?
-----------------------------------------------------------------
?
???
?
?????? A cReferenceCounter is a base class which allows the program
?
?????? to count open instances.
?
??????
?
-----------------------------------------------------------------
?
*/
?
class
cReferenceCounter
{
public
:
//
Construction and Destruction...
cReferenceCounter()
{
m_nReferenceCount =
0
;
}
cReferenceCounter(
const
cReferenceCounter& Src)
{
//
Reference counts are tied to a specific instance
//
i.e. they are never copied
m_nReferenceCount =
0
;
}
virtual
~cReferenceCounter()
{
//
assert if this object is still in use
assert(m_nReferenceCount ==
0
);
}
//
Operators...
cReferenceCounter&
operator
=(
const
cReferenceCounter& Src)
{
//
this function is provided in order to allow
//
derived classes to provide copy operators.
//
the reference count itself is never copied.
return
*
this
;
}
//
Mutators...
virtual
int32 AddRef()
{
assert(m_nReferenceCount != MAX_INT32);
++m_nReferenceCount;
return
(m_nReferenceCount);
};
virtual
int32 Release()
{
assert(m_nReferenceCount >
0
);
--m_nReferenceCount;
return
(m_nReferenceCount);
}
//
Accessors...
int32 referenceCount()
const
{
return
m_nReferenceCount;}
private
:
//
the internal reference count, stored in 32bits
int32 m_nReferenceCount;
};
?
cResourcePoolManager ：?jiǎn)渭悾Y源管理器，負(fù)責(zé)申請(qǐng)資源池，找到資源等資源管理功能。
?
?
class
cResourcePoolManager :
public
cSingleton<cResourcePoolManager>
{
public
:
typedef std::map<cResourceCode, cResourcePoolInterface*> ResourcePoolTypeMap;
typedef std::list<cResourcePoolInterface*> ResourcePoolFamilyList;
//
Creators...
cResourcePoolManager();
~cResourcePoolManager(){};
//
registration of resource manager interfaces
void
registerResourcePool(cResourceCode code, cResourcePoolInterface* pInterface);
cResourcePoolInterface* unregisterResourcePool(cResourceCode code);
//
operations for all resource types
void
destroyAll();
void
disableAll();
void
restoreAll();
void
clean();
//
delete items no longer referenced
//
operations on specific resource types
void
destroyResourceFamily(
int
family);
void
disableResourceFamily(
int
family);
void
restoreResourceFamily(
int
family);
void
cleanResourceFamily(
int
family);
void
destroyResourceType(cResourceCode code);
void
disableResourceType(cResourceCode code);
void
restoreResourceType(cResourceCode code);
void
cleanResourceType(cResourceCode code);
cResourcePoolInterface* findResourcePool(cResourceCode code)
const
;
cPoolHandle findResourceHandle(cResourceCode code,
const
cString& Name)
const
;
cResourcePoolItem* findResource(cResourceCode code,
const
cString& Name)
const
;
cResourcePoolItem* findResource(cResourceCode code, cPoolHandle handle)
const
;
private
:
ResourcePoolFamilyList m_resourceFamilyList[k_nTotalResourceFamilies];
ResourcePoolTypeMap m_resourceTypeMap;
};
?
引擎中所有的資源都派生自 cResourcePoolItem ，也可以說(shuō)是對(duì) D3D 資源類的封裝。例如： texture.h 里的 cTexture：
?
class
cTexture :
public
cResourcePoolItem
{
public
:
//
Data Types & Constants...
enum
eTextureFlags
{
k_cubeMap=
0
,
k_dynamicTexture,
k_renderTarget,
k_paletized,
k_mipMaps,
};
enum
eForcedFormatFlags
{
k_forceMipLevels=
0
,
k_forceFormat,
k_forceSize,
};
//
Creators...
cTexture();
~cTexture();
//
base resource overrides
bool
createResource();
//
innitialize the resource (called once)
bool
destroyResource();
//
destroy the resource
bool
disableResource();
//
purge the resource from volatile memory
bool
restoreResource();
//
prepare the resource for use (create any volatile memory objects needed)
bool
loadResource(
const
tchar* filename=
0
);
//
load the resource from a file (or NULL to use the resource name)
bool
saveResource(
const
tchar* filename=
0
);
//
save the resource to a file (or NULL to use the resource name)
bool
createTexture(uint32 width, uint32 height, uint32 mipLevels, uint32 usage, D3DFORMAT Format, D3DPOOL pool);
bool
createCubeTexture(uint32 size, uint32 mipLevels, uint32 usage, D3DFORMAT Format, D3DPOOL pool);
void
generateMidpointNoise(
float
falloff);
void
generatePerlinNoise(
float
scale,
int
octaves,
float
falloff);
bool
generateNormalMap(LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 heightMap, uint32 channel, uint32 flags,
float
amplitude);
bool
generateNormalizationCubeMap();
bool
maskWithImage(cImage* pImage);
void
releaseTexture();
bool
convertToNormalMap(
uint32 channel,
uint32 flags,
float
amplitude);
//
Accessors...
LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 getTexture()
const
;
bool
uploadImage(
const
cImage* pImage,
bool
copyAll =
true
);
bool
uploadCubeFace(
const
cImage* pImage, D3DCUBEMAP_FACES face,
bool
copyAll =
true
);
uint32 width()
const
{
return
m_width;}
uint32 height()
const
{
return
m_height;}
uint32 mipLevels()
const
{
return
m_mipLevels;}
uint32 d3dUsage()
const
{
return
m_d3dUsage;}
D3DFORMAT d3dFormat()
const
{
return
m_d3dFormat;}
D3DPOOL d3dPool()
const
{
return
m_d3dPool;}
bool
getSurfaceLevel(
int
level, LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9* ppSurface);
private
:
//
Data...
uint32 m_width;
uint32 m_height;
uint32 m_mipLevels;
uint32 m_d3dUsage;
D3DFORMAT m_d3dFormat;
D3DPOOL m_d3dPool;
DWORD m_d3dFilter;
DWORD m_d3dMipFilter;
D3DCOLOR m_d3dColorKey;
D3DXIMAGE_INFO m_d3dImageInfo;
PALETTEENTRY* m_pPalette;
LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 m_pTexture;
LPDIRECT3DCUBETEXTURE9 m_pCubeTexture;
bool
loadFromResourceFile(cFile& InputFile);
bool
configureImageSettings();
bool
checkTextureRequirements();
bool
checkCubeTextureRequirements();
bool
loadTextureFromImageFile(
const
tchar* filename);
bool
loadTextureFromMemory(uint8* memory, uint32 size);
bool
loadCubeTextureFromImageFile(
const
tchar* filename);
bool
loadCubeTextureFromMemory(uint8* memory, uint32 size);
//
Nonexistant Functions...
cTexture(
const
cTexture& Src);
cTexture&
operator
=(
const
cTexture& Src);
};
typedef cResourcePool<cTexture> cTextureManager;
?
?
此外還有 vertex_buffer.h 中的 cVertexBuffer 和 model_resource.h 中的 cModelResource
?
P56 有資源的使用示例
?
?
類關(guān)系圖：
?
由 cResourcePoolManager 統(tǒng)一管理。
?
?
書的第四章gaia引擎總覽有提到資源管理相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，但是并沒(méi)用對(duì)源碼進(jìn)行過(guò)多的解釋，這部分還是要自己硬著頭皮看啊。。。
不過(guò)看了這些基本理解了資源管理的原理和整個(gè)模塊的結(jié)構(gòu)，受益匪淺。。
3D游戲引擎編程
posted @? 2011-12-11 11:58 ?☆凱子 閱讀(710) |? 評(píng)論 (1) ? 編輯 ?|
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posted @? 2011-11-17 21:17 ?☆凱子 閱讀(22) |? 評(píng)論 (0) ? 編輯 ?|
posted @? 2011-11-07 21:52 ?☆凱子 閱讀(32) |? 評(píng)論 (0) ? 編輯 ?|
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posted @? 2011-11-07 21:01 ?☆凱子 閱讀(16) |? 評(píng)論 (0) ? 編輯 ?|
posted @? 2011-11-07 20:37 ?☆凱子 閱讀(29) |? 評(píng)論 (0) ? 編輯 ?|
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